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w. e. F0RD1NGH TIRE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 19. I916- Patented Dec 2'7, 1921. 2 SHEEISSHEET v ZZZ/5215M: M W 9% wy m W. G. FORDIN G.

. TIRE.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 19, 1916. 1,401,148.

Patented Dec. 27, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2- eo-rm Application filed. June 19.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, lVILmAM G. Fomnno. a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ulric, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Tires. of which the following is a full, clear. and exact description.

This invention relates to tires foautomobiles and the like, and has for its main object to provide a. tire of improved construction which can he.manufactured inexpensively and has great strength and durability.

A further object is to provide an improved cord tire, that is to say, a tire the fabric or so-called fabric portion or which formed from cords preferably composed oi twisted strands suitably rubberized.

Still further the invention aims to provide a cord tire so constructed that the in dividual cords of all layers ore of cxuctly the same tension; wherein the cord fabric is free from circumferential laps or joints. loose ends of cords; and contains no pockets or deposits or" air.

A still further object is to provide a. novel cord tire construction which may be embodied in tires any size, that into the smaller size tires as well as the hirgcr size; which can he provided with any desired number of layers of the cord. and which can he provided durii'ig the process of placing the cord fabric on the lire-fibrining core with beads of any desired shape or size and of any desired material.

The above mentioned and additional advantages and objects are attained by in invention, which may be briclly Sllllllllill'iZPll as consisting in certain novc] details of construction and arrangements oi" paris which go to make up the tire, as will be described in the specification andv set forth in the appended claims.

A tire constructed in accordance with my invention has a plurality of layers of cord or equivalent tiredorndng nuderial preferably in the form of a continuous annular sheath which is laid back and forth across the tire from one side to the other and looped around. bend sections which are formed in separate or individual parts or units. The cords or portions of the tireforming material forming each layer are arranged at an angle to the portions iorn'ung Specification of Letters Patent.

.1916, Serial No. 104;,23ill).

the adjacent layer or layers, and the dilhn cut lavers are preferably s parated by layers of rubber which well the head units are placed in position as the tire carcass is built up layer by layer.

in rention is illustrated in several forms in the accompanying drawings in which Figure l is a Side view of a port-ion of a, tire embodying the invention. different parts being broken a way to show the several layers of the cord fabric and rubber be tween the cord layers. the. tire here nhown having four layers ot cord. fabric with an extra layer of fabric at the tread; Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view through the sinner, Fig. 3 is a similar View with a. niodiiicntion in the shape and material forming the bead; and Figs. to it) are transverse sectional views through tires made in ac cordunce with my invention, these views illustrating tires of ditl'crent sizes. or of difl'crcnl'. number of cord layers. as well as dili'ercnl shapes und sizes of heads.

The tires illustrated in the drawings. and conslructcd in accordance with my invention in all its "forms includes a cord or cord t'uhric portion -l'ornied preferably from cords which are preferably rubberized. and may he Formed from twisted strands of lihcr. The cords are in the form of super posed layers of which there may he any number and which are formed from coniinuous cords or equivalent tircdormingmatcrial which are passed back and forth across or around the tire to form one layer utter the other. in fact. my invention has for one oi its important advantages the fact that it lllzl l' be cinhodicd in any size of tire and with any number of the superposed layers. without requiring any material change in the apparatus or method by which the lire is constructml.

it will be obscrvcd from Fig. 1. wherein portions m the tire, are broken away so as lo illustrate in side clevation the several layers of cold that lihe cords of each layer are parallel; that they are arranged closely, side by side; that each extends around or across the tirc from one side to the other diagonally: and that the cords of each layer are at an angle to the cords of the adjacent layer or layers. it will be observed also from this same figufefthat between the adjaccnt layers of rord a layer of rubber which is preferably provided-to avoid or eliminate deleterious action. clue to rubbing or fricnion between adjacent l wie 1 it to he understood, however. that the in tervenii'ig layers of rubber are not essential to my invention, and may if desired he oznicted.

A further improved feature of my invention lies in *bhe fuel; thul; the cords of all the layers, re urdloss of how many there may be, are formed from the some cords. or from continnoue cords which exlenel hack mid forth from one side of the fii'fi to the other in unbroken succession. T A5 is rendered possible by novel 'oonstruclioneml manner of forming the heads: which are in the form of separate se :tions or units which serve as retainers about which the cords are looped or pa sad in forming :hesuperposed layers of cords from 'the same continuous COi'ClS. As will subse' quently. the nuinher of. head sections or units. or oonl reminers which. are embodied in the Illll portions of the tire. at; the time that the superposed layers are formed or applied. depends upon the number of layers, there being 21- heud unit. provided in each rim 01' rim portion of the tire for each two layers of cord. An otlditioiml advantage of the cord layers arranged and. formed as stotelresicles the fact that there are no transverse laps or joints, and this feature or advantage results from the feet that-hot only are-the layers formed by passing the cords hack and forth around the'tire from one sidethereof to fihe other but also from the feet that the layers, in the preferred construction, formed from a continuous sheath of corals which extends entirely around the the or completely encompasses the core upon which the tire is formed, this sheath being; formed from a suf'lioient numher of cords that". when laid side by side they a. covering or layer extending in unbroken emeeesion eompleiely around the lire, the cords being in lose oontm'ci. at Hie rim portions of ihe tire.

In Figs. 1 and .l have illustrated. a tire A. having" four layers of cord. (in addition llo an ex ohiolzn he to he referral to presently.) it will he ()lE-Ql'llll that the inner layer l'iegins at 1, passes eve lhe periphery of the tire, clown the side, forming; the innermost layer 1., Mound the head or head eectlonfi. up the side, over ahe periphery and! clown {he ()l'lllOSlf-G side, frowning the next layer 4:" around the head or head seetion 5,, up the. omljzzwn'r. side. over the peii yhery and down We opposite side, formthe next lay-22' 6; around the head or head eeoion 7, which. combined with the head or head section 3 forms a completeuniimy head for one side of the tire; then up the: side, over fhe periphery and down fhe opposite side. {firming the next layer 8; around the howl or head Heetmn 9. which Wll-l'l .1: u I in;

the limi other side of the 1 head for icl then up il so; uml over the eriphel form- ;eoint or fabric terminates. he (ltlnfillfill to the eermoel Myer 10 to the line 11 were tie Vl hile 1 (lo DOiZ- starting of :The innermost layer jaoent the point 1.. oval the. outermost layer or mlinoent Ll. ne less I prefer that the hrst. aml ld v he started and ended at or about the pol or along; the lines shown and deseriheu, J this an added thickness of ooml at l. tread poelion. which very mlwzntageo At 12 is shown. the ruhhe-z? trend of fire. which need common with all pneumutio tires, and at 13 is mourn. layers of iuhhee which as an inner o vering for the the. and also separators hetween the layers the oorcl falnio so as to eliminate friction.

Although the method form ng: the tire just described not claimed herein. hue in o wrote. a nlicmion. 51" mo" he statecl that as each llff/Gl of cord is formed on the core of the tire-forming machine. the head ee z- 'tion is applied about which (he Sheath of cords looped form the heginnii'ig of the next layer. So that the head sections are eppliecl. the forming: of the tire carcass pro-- (reeds. The same true also of the intei mediate layers 13 of rubber.

The heads or head sections maj. he formed of any suitable material. For example. they may he formed of oiroumferentially wound oorde or threads, :1 sufficient number of turns of which will he provhlm'l to form a head section ornuit of the desired size and shape, or they may he formed of rubber, or of Wire. or of both Wire and oirmunfeveniall Wound threads as illuel; and Figs. 1 and or of? anyolhei" suitable m2- tei'ial.

The the illuslzmhwl in Figs. 1 z a head, fillilpfitl to correspond to l'hs ordinary elenoher tire. ln Fig.1. shown Q. lire which is eimihu S]]@(?l25 ti) shut Slh'lWll in Fig. E2, once the head whioh is here shown :19 n. a side head, and in this inssiinnee the wires omltlefl l l'om "the heml SiWtlOHS 0 units.

In Figs. 21ml have QlW/WH time: \1 and l), having the same numher of levees; of fabric as, the hires A and l. ihe 'llx'es; and l) differing 'fxmn .l. and B simply in the form and size of the heads.

In Figs. 6. "I and S l have shown at l), l and. G, tires having liu'o layers of the ("owl fabric, that is to my, two layers. disrwznnh ino; lihe added fihiehness at the arm. These three tires (Mile? from each other simply in the shape and size of the tulle. two forms oi? olenvher howls being shown in he the- A, and 2-: straight side heofl being shown in tire F. in enoh of these instanoes lthe {elude starts at l4. posses .HOllnl the periphery, down the side, around the head 15. then back around and across the tire to the opposite side, and around the bead 1G, and then back again over the tire to the point or line 17, where the fabric ends.

In Figs. 9 and ll) 1 have shove at H and I. tivo sixlayer tires. the tire having a clencher bead, and the tire I, having a straight sided head, the two tires aside from the shape of the beads being similar. it will be observed that in each instance the fabric starts at 18', passes around the periphcry, down the side, and around the bead or bead. section 13), then back around the tire. down the opposite side and about the head or bead section 2 then baclr around the tire and about the head section 2. then back around she tire and about the-bead sec-- tion 22, then back around the tire and-about. the bead section 523, which with the bead sections 21 and '19 form the complete bead at one side of the lire; then back around the tire and about the head section Ql, which with the bead sections 22 and form the complete head at the oiaposite side oi the tire, and then back around the tire to the point of line 25, Where the fabric ends.

It will be seen therefore, that a tire eon sir-acted in accordance with my invention can be formed in anv size or with. any num ber of layers: that ii; can be provided with any desired shape and size of head so as to adapt the tire for any of the Well'known t pes of rims. l't will be understood also, tliat by forming all the layers of the same cords, all the cords of the several layers can be given the same tension at all points, and with the layers formed by passing the sheath of cords back and forth across the hire and about the head sections or units, the air is very effectively excluded from the structure oi the tire, and, there are no transverse joints or laps of fabric, an exceedingly strong and durable tire is produced and what is equally important from a manufacturing standpoint, it can be produced 'apidly, and therefore inexpensively.

While I have explained the preferred forms of my invention, and some of the preferred materials, 1' do not wish to be confined to the same, but aim. in my claims to cover all modifications which do nol; involve a departure from the spirit scope of my invention in its broadest; aspects.

Having thus described my invention, whai I; claim is:

1. An open tire or hire shoe having a fabric portion composed of tire-forming material extending in unbroken succession back and forth from the rim portion. on one side to the rim portion on the other side so as to form a plurality of layers, said material being in the form of a sheath extending circumferentially entirely around the tire ,a-omes and outer ends termiand outer layers and one complete layer. An open cord tire or lire shoe having a iabric couipos l of a plurality 01" layers. said layers con, ng of sheath oi cords extending cirruinierentially entirely around the tire and laid back and forth across the tire, so a. to form successive layers the portions fori'ning each layer being at an angle to the portions forming the adjacent layers said sheath having its inner end in the in nermosc layer separated from the outer end by at least one complete layer.

3. An open the or hire shoe formed from rubber and cords with head units at the inner periphery of the tire, the cords extending back and forth around the tire from one side to the other so as to form a plurality of layers and looped around the bead units, said layers being formed from continuous sheath or circular envelop of transversely extending cords one end of the sheath terminating in the inner layer and the other end of the sheath terminating in the outer layer.

4-. An open tire or tire shoe having a fabric body and bead units at the inner portion therxol', said fabric body comprising layers of continuous tire-forming fabric in the form of a sheath extending circrunferentially entirely around the tire and passed back and forth around the tire from one side thereof to the other and at each. side of the tire looped around the heads, the ends of the sheath being located in different layers and anchored independently of each other.

5. An open tire or tire shoe having a fabric body and bead units at the rim portion thereof. said fabric body having successive layers formed from the same or continuous tirei'orining material in the form of a sheath of cords which extend in a diagonal direction around the tire from one head to the other, and said sheath a Whole eittending circumi'erentially entirely around the tire and passed back and. forth from one side to the other around the bead units so as to form the said successive layers, the ends of the sheath being located in difi'erent layers and and having its inner mating in the inner separated by at least being separated by at, least one complete layer.

6. An open tire or tire shoe having a fabric body and beads at the rim portion thereof,

said body being formed from a sheath of i tire-foaming material which extends circumferentially entirely around the tire and which is passed back and forth from one side of the tire to the other to form successively the di flex-en; superposed layers, the inner end of the sheath beginning at a point or on a line between the two heads and extending under and around a head at one side of the tire, then over the first layer thus formed, around the tire to the opposite side where ll tions so to form a pluraiiiy of continuous with one another, the inner and nufier 10 edges of the fabric lapping so as to pmvicle an additional thickness of (20rd at, the tread.

in estimony whereof, X hereunto affix my gignatm'a.

m1; LIAM G. mammn 

